• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an energy-absorbing chair with the aim of reducing the risk of injury, especially in accidents where the upper body of the chair occupant is pressed against the back of the chair. This is accomplished by allowing a limited rotation of the seat back, transforming the rotating motion into a rectilinear motion, as well as associated force in the direction of movement defining the energy that can be transferred to an energy absorbing element. The energy transfer becomes particularly efficient if the distance of the rectilinear motion is shifted up. By transferring energy in this way from the chair occupant, accelerations and forces on the chair occupant's head and neck back will be reduced, which reduces the risk of injury. (Fig. 1)
    公开号:SE1250813A1
    申请号:SE1250813
    申请日:2012-07-11
    公开日:2014-01-12
    发明作者:Ingvar Eriksson；Dag Linderholm
    申请人:Safeseat Ip Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    30 20 25 30 number of phases (as exemplified by the angina phase 1, phase 2, phase 3 and phase 4 below), which together last for a short time, typically around 0.5 sec.
    Phase 1: In the first phase (0-0.1 sec), the vehicle in front will be accelerated forward, which means that each seat back will push its driver and passengers forward, first accelerating the upper body (in the latter part of phase 1) which causes the spine to stretch and compress. As a result, pressure gradients occur in the occupant's brain. High pressures occur in the back of the brain and low pressures in the front. Shear forces occur in the brainstem.
    Phase 2: In the second phase (0.1-0.25 sec), the spine is stretched further.
    The head is accelerated and thrown backwards towards or over the nape of the neck. This may cause Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMJ or TMD).
    Phase 3: In the third phase (0.25 - 0.4 sec) the head achieves maximum acceleration, the upper body sinks back into the seat and the head rotates forward. The back of the chair springs back and significantly increases the speed of the chair occupant.
    Phase 4: In the fourth phase (0.4-0.5 sec) the head, neck and upper body are retarded. High tensile and shear forces occur in the spine. High tensile forces also occur on the brainstem and spinal cord.
    In the publication Energy-Absorbing Car Seat Designs for Reducing Whiplash, Traffic Injury Prevention, 9: 6, 583-591, 2008, by S. Himmetoglu, M. Acar, K.
    Bouazza-Marouf and A. J. Taylor discuss a number of different designs on car seats in order to reduce whiplash injuries; RO (Recliner Only): In this version, the back of the chair is rotatably arranged in the seat. In the event of a collision, energy is absorbed in a coil spring connected to the axis of rotation of the seat back. SPO (Seat Span Only): According to this example, the seat is allowed to translate backwards relative to the direction of travel of the car. The energy is absorbed in a spring-damper element, which is arranged horizontally in the seat. WMS: Here RO and SPO are combined. Energy is absorbed partly by a rotation of the seat back in a spiral spring, partly by a translation of the seat in a horizontally placed spring-damper element in the seat. 1O 15 20 25 30 DWMS: This solution is similar to WMS but with the difference that the spring damper element is inclined 30o degrees to the horizontal plane. RFWMS: This reading is based on WMS. In addition, the seat back consists of an inner and outer frame where the inner frame is allowed to rotate in the opposite direction to the outer, which is said to have advantages in severe collisions. DRFWS: This solution in turn resembles RFWMS, but with the difference that the spring-damper element is inclined 30 degrees to the horizontal plane as in DWMS.
    Another example based on a gear that transmits rotation in the seat back to a linear motion in a toothed plate is described in the Japanese document J P2ooo28o8o5. The linear motion is transmitted to an energy-absorbing spring. The invention is also said to protect the seat occupant in the event of frontal collisions, in the event of expansion of an airbag e.g. The device is further arranged with a locking function which is controlled by means of sensors and which engages the mechanism at the moment of collision.
    A practical limitation with this solution is that the diameter of the gear needs to be relatively large to transform a limited allowable rotation.
    The mechanism also contains a large number of parts that make it complicated and expensive to realize and even maintain.
    In light of the above, there is thus a need for an improved chair to reduce the occurrence of, or at least reduce the effect of, whiplash injuries.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is thus to provide an improved chair for reducing the occurrence of, or at least reducing the effect of, whiplash injuries.
    Different types of headrests and energy-absorbing materials in the chair help reduce the risk of injury. However, the inventors of the present invention have come to the realization that if a larger proportion of energy can be transferred from the chair occupant during the first phase of the process above, the risk of injury could be significantly reduced. Thus, a particular object of the present invention is to reduce the risk of injury to whiplash injuries and the associated very high costs by providing an appropriate energy absorbing function in the chair. This is accomplished by providing a chair according to the independent claims of the present invention. Such a chair is thus arranged to, when the upper body of the chair occupant is pressed against the seat, transform a limited rotation of the back of the chair into a rectilinear movement. The distance of the movement can be shifted up and used for energy transfer to an energy-absorbing element adapted to the purpose. The energy-absorbing element is thus arranged to store or accumulate the energy in a harmless manner (ie so that the risk of injury to the chair occupant is reduced). This reduces accelerations and forces in the chair occupant's head and neck back and thus significantly reduces the risk of injury.
    Thus, an energy-absorbing chair is provided consisting of a seat, a chair back and an energy-transferring device arranged in the chair, which comprises an energy-absorbing element. In the event of a collision, energy is transferred from the seat occupant to the energy-absorbing element. This reduces accelerations and forces on the chair occupant's head and neck back and thus reduces the risk of whiplash-related injuries. In particular, the seat back is rotatably connected partly to the seat around an axle parallel to the car's transverse direction and partly to the energy transfer device also around an axis parallel to the car's transverse direction (ie around an axis parallel to the car's transverse direction when the seat is mounted upright in a car). The energy transfer device is in turn rotatably connected to the seat about an axis parallel to the transverse direction of the chair. This enables the rotational movement of the chair back to be transformed into a rectilinear movement, which is used to transfer kinetic energy from the chair occupant to said energy-absorbing element.
    In the event of a rear-end collision, kinetic energy is transferred from the oncoming car to the hit person, who in turn transfers it to the seat occupant via the back of the seat.
    Thus, the kinetic energy can thus be transferred to an energy-absorbing element via the rotation of the chair back. To achieve this, the rotation in the back of the chair is transformed into a rectilinear movement, which is used for energy transfer to the energy-absorbing element.
    Thus, a seat is provided whose function is based on translational movements and which enables the energy-transmitting rotation to be severely limited so as not to risk injuring passengers in the rear seat (when the seat is used in the front seat). Likewise, a chair is provided whose function enables a restriction of rotating movements and which, despite these limitations, provides an energy transfer over a sufficiently large distance to obtain the desired effect, ie. which reduces the occurrence of, or at least reduces the effect of, whiplash injuries.
    The energy transfer device is suitably fixed to the seat, rotatable about the third axis. Alternatively, the energy transfer device may be fixable to a part of the vehicle in which the chair is mounted, rotatable outside the seat, rotatable about the third axis.
    Said energy transfer device may according to an embodiment comprise an upshift mechanism, arranged for upshifting the distance of said rectilinear movement, which enables a more favorable energy uptake from a biomechanical point of view.
    According to one embodiment, the seat can be arranged such that the angle between a line between the two points of rotation of the seat back and a line between the two points of rotation of the energy transfer device, seen in a plane whose normal is parallel to the transverse direction of the car, increases as the seat back rotates. against the back of the chair in the event of a rear-end collision.
    According to one embodiment, the chair can be arranged such that the energy-absorbing device is arranged and oriented to allow the distance between the first shaft and the second shaft to be as large as possible. This maximizes the length of the lever formed between the first and second shafts, thereby also maximizing the resulting rectilinear movement of the energy transfer device with respect to the rotational movement about the first shaft.
    According to one embodiment, the kinetic energy from the chair occupant can be transferred during said rectilinear movement to the energy-absorbing element with a traction-transmitting element, which makes it possible to use simple structural elements for the energy transfer.
    Said energy transfer device may according to an embodiment comprise a plate, which is arranged in the seat and rotatably arranged in the same, which is easy to arrange and which does not require so much space.
    Said energy-transferring device may according to an embodiment comprise an element slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the device, seen in a view along the car.
    According to one embodiment, the seat back can be arranged with a locking mechanism which is released in the initial phase of the moment of collision.
    Said locking mechanism may, according to one embodiment, receive a signal from one or more sensors to be disengaged at a certain time after the moment of collision. The energy-absorbing function is thus not activated under normal conditions.
    According to one embodiment, said locking mechanism and energy-transmitting element can be disengaged when the chair occupant wishes to adjust the chair for comfort reasons and that said rotational movement has a limited deflection.
    Thus, no active action (such as setting or attaching) by the chair occupant is required.
    Said energy absorbing element may be a belt, a belt, a rope, a rope, a wire, a solid material, a spring, a hydraulic damper, a gas spring, or a flywheel; or combinations thereof.
    Preferably, the energy transfer device allows to transform the rotation of the chair back into a rectilinear movement, the distance of which can be shifted up, which from a biomechanical point of view allows a favorable energy transfer to an energy absorbing element. This reduces the risk of whiplash-related injuries.
    Preferably, the energy-absorbing function in the chair is arranged in a practical and cost-effective manner through its compact and flat design and utilizes simple construction elements. The energy transfer device thus does not affect the car's constructive design in any radical way, which also facilitates maintenance or replacement after activation. The device is thus easy to maintain and can be replaced without the need to replace the entire chair.
    Preferably, the energy transfer device allows the kinetic energy of the chair occupant to be transferred to energy absorbing elements via a downshift traction force. It enables the use of a simple and cost-effective traction-transmitting element for energy transfer.
    In general, all terms used in the claims are to be construed according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless they are explicitly defined herein. All references to "one (s) [element, device, component, organ, step, etc.]" are to be construed broadly as referring to at least one occurrence of the element, device, component, organ, step, etc., unless unless otherwise stated.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figures 1-5 are different views of a chair comprising an energy transfer device, and Figures 6-9 illustrate an energy transfer device according to different embodiments for integration in a chair according to Figure 1-5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which particular embodiments are shown.
    The same reference numerals are used throughout for the same elements appearing in the figures. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited by the embodiments set forth herein; these embodiments are provided by way of example so that this description is detailed and complete and conveys the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
    Figure 1 shows a principal and stylized view of a chair 1 seen in a longitudinal view (yz plane). Figure 1 also shows a coordinate system based on mounting the seat 1 in a car 24. The seat 1 comprises an energy transfer device 4 arranged in the seat 2 of the seat 1. The seat 1 thus comprises the following principal components with reference initially to Figure 1: a seat 2, ie. . the load-bearing structure of the seat; a back 3, i.e. the load-bearing structure of the back; and an energy transfer device 4, which is arranged in the seat 2 for the purpose of transferring kinetic energy from an imaginary chair occupant (not drawn) which in use is placed in the chair 1 to an energy absorbing element 5 by a linear displacement under mechanical resistance.
    The energy transfer device 4 thus comprises an energy absorbing element 5 (only schematically shown in Figure 1), i.e. the element in the energy transfer device 4, which primarily accumulates or converts the kinetic energy transferred from the chair occupant during use. The energy absorbing element 5 is connected to a displaceable element 6 which will be described below.
    In the initial phase of the collision (Phase 1 above), the upper body of the chair occupant is pressed against the back of the chair 3. The force that arises between the back of the chair and the occupant of the chair can perform mechanical work, if the chair is allowed to translate at this stage. This mechanical work can be transferred and accumulated. For example, mechanical work can be accumulated in a coil spring, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, flywheel or a solid material. This type of structural element is what is referred to herein as "energy absorbing element".
    As energy uptake occurs during the initial phases of the collision process, some of the kinetic energy transmitted from the oncoming vehicle to the driver and passengers is transferred and converted via the seat back in an energy-absorbing element instead of being transferred to the occupant's head and neck back in the second phase.
    Examples of energy absorbing elements 5 are a solid material which absorbs elongation energy; a spring element; a hydraulic damper; a gas spring; a flywheel. These examples will be described in more detail below.
    Combinations of the above are also of course possible. Which element is finally realized depends on a number of factors, biomechanical as well as technical, economic and purely practical.
    The back of the seat is 3 rotatably connected partly to the seat 2 at point A around an axis parallel to the seat 1 (and thus also the car 24) transverse direction (x-direction), partly to the energy transfer device 4 around point B around an axis parallel to the chair's transverse direction . Said device 4 is in turn rotatably arranged in the seat about a point C about an axis parallel to the transverse direction of the chair.
    Said energy transfer device 4 further comprises an element 6 displaceably arranged in said yz plane in the longitudinal direction of the device 4 (schematically shown in Figure 1.). In the event of a rear-end collision, the upper occupant's upper body is initially pressed against the back of the chair 3. The back of the chair 3 is allowed to rotate under mechanical resistance from the energy-absorbing element at an angle A6 under the influence of a resultant force F1, see Figure 1.
    Thus, when the seat back 3 rotates as a result of the upper body of a chair occupant being pressed against the seat back and giving rise to the force F1 thereto due to a rear-end collision, the rotational movement is transformed into a rectilinear movement in the energy transfer device 4. If said element 6 is connected to an energy-absorbing element 5, energy can be transferred, which reduces forces and accelerations on the head and neck back of the chair occupant.
    Since the seat back 3 is rotatably arranged partly in the seat 2 in point A and partly in the energy transfer device 4 in point B, at the same time as the device is rotatably fixed in point C and contains a displaceable element 6, the rotational movement of the chair back 3 will be transformed into a rectilinear movement whose distance depends on the distance between the points of rotation A and B and the angular change A9 of the seat back 3 from the initial position. The rotation A6 depends on the mechanical resistance of the energy absorbing element 4 and the magnitude of the energy transmitted.
    The energy transfer device is arranged and oriented to maximize the length of the lever formed between points A and B. In Figure 1 this is illustrated by an angle ß between a straight line through points B and C and a straight line parallel to z the direction is greater than zero in the clockwise direction according to the figure.
    An angle o between a straight line through points A and B and a straight line between points B and C increases (ie (12> a1) when the seat back 3 rotates an angle A9 due to the upper body of the chair occupant being pressed against the back of the chair 2 in the event of a collision during it. that said element 6 is displaced.
    According to embodiments, said linear displacement can be shifted up in order to further reduce forces and accelerations acting on the chair occupant.
    This means that the transfer of energy from the chair occupant to the energy-transferring element takes place over a longer distance. Several alternatives to energy-absorbing elements 5 as above are thus made possible at the same time as it can be easier to incorporate a preferred characteristic in the energy transfer, which can further reduce the risk of damage.
    A number of embodiments will now be described. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the chair 1 seen obliquely from above and from the front with the energy transfer device 4 indicated under the seat. Figure 3 shows said chair 1 and device 4 in a view straight from behind (xy-plane). Figure 4 shows said chair and energy transfer device 4 in a side view (yz plane). Here it is indicated that the chair back 3 rotated from an originally more upright position to a more inclined position. Figure 5 is a perspective view of the chair 1 seen obliquely from the front, substantially in the xy plane. The energy transfer device 4 is seen here rotatably arranged in the front part of the seat 2.
    The energy transfer device 4 preferably comprises a link arm 7 rotatably arranged in the seat back 3 at point B. The link arm can be bracket-shaped. The energy transfer device 4 preferably comprises a slidably arranged element 8 which is fixed in the link arm 7. The slidable element can be fork-shaped. The displaceable element is preferably displaceably arranged in plane-parallel grooves 9 in a plate 10.
    The plate 10 is rotatably arranged in the seat 2 at point C. The seat back 3 can thus be likened to a lever. A compressive force F2 will act on the stirrup 7 and the pushing fork 8, which is moved a distance s in the direction of the force.
    It can be assumed that the rotation A6 that can be allowed is relatively limited due to possible passengers in the car's rear seat (ie when seat 1 is used as the front seat 24 of the car) or due to possible rear cargo space (ie when seat 1 is used as car 24 ) rear seat. As a result, the distance s becomes relatively small. If energy is transferred over a very short distance, it is not certain that it will have a major reducing effect on accelerations and forces in the chair occupant's neck and neck. In addition, it can be difficult to incorporate any form of energy transfer characteristics in too short a distance.
    It may therefore be desirable to be able to shift up the distance s used in energy transfer to the energy-absorbing element. It is further desirable to transfer the kinetic energy to the energy absorbing element via a pulling force, which makes it possible to use simple and cost-effective construction elements, such as e.g. strap, strap, rope, rope, wire or chain for energy transfer.
    This can be achieved by providing rotatable elements 12, 13 as an interface between the slidable fork 8 and the plate 10.
    Rotatable elements 12, 13 can thus be arranged partly in the displaceable fork 8 and partly in the plate 10. A tensile load transferring element 14 is arranged in the plate 10 at point D and runs in the rotatable elements 12 and 13. Through this constructive design the distance will s which the fork 8 travels due to the rotation of the seat back 3 to be able to be shifted up 4 times.
    According to basic mechanical principles, the tensile force in the tensile load transmitting element 14 will be shifted down to a corresponding degree to F2 / 4.
    Alternatively, the rotatable elements can be replaced by sliding bodies which are fixedly mounted in the plate 10 and the fork 8 or which form integral parts of the plate 10 and the fork 8. A tensile load transferring element 14 can in an analogous manner as described above be fixed in the plate 10 and run along the vertical sliding surfaces of the fixed or integrated elements, which sliding surfaces can be coated with a material with low friction.
    The possibility of shifting up the distance s and shifting down the force F1 creates good conditions for achieving an energy transfer, which significantly reduces forces and accelerations in the head and neck of the chair occupant and thereby reduces the risk of associated injuries.
    Thus, on the rod 11 of the fork, rotatable elements 12 are mounted with axes of rotation orthogonal to the plane of the plate 10. These rotatable elements 12 are displaced when the fork 8 is displaced as a result of the rotation of the seat back 3.
    The device 4 further comprises a number of elements 13 rotatably arranged in the plate 10 with axes of rotation orthogonal to the plane of the plate 10. A tensile load transmitting element 14 is fixed at plane point D and runs in the rotatable elements 12 and 13. Examples of tensile load transmitting elements 4 are belt, jaw belt, toothed belt, wire, rope, rope, belt. You can also imagine a chain. In that case, the rotatable elements should be a sprocket. If the rotatable element is a belt, then the rotatable elements are pulleys, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
    Since the energy transfer to the energy absorbing element 5 takes place over a longer distance under the influence of a lower force, this means that the dimensions of the energy absorbing element 5 can be significantly reduced, which is also of practical importance as it thus becomes easier to integrate the energy transfer device, including the the energy-absorbing element, in the chair.
    Kinetic energy from the chair occupant can in reality be absorbed in many different construction parts at the same time. A certain part may be taken up in the seat back 3 in the form of elastic stretching energy, a certain part as friction energy (heat) in joints, etc. A number of primary energy absorbers are described below, ie. examples of the absorbent which, in addition to other absorbents, is primarily intended to absorb energy.
    Example 1 relates to a tensile load transferring element as energy absorbing element and is illustrated in Figure 7. Figure 7 shows an energy transferring device 4 which according to an embodiment described below comprises a plate 1 which is adapted to be rotatably arranged in the seat 1. A fork-shaped element is slidably arranged in the plane of the plate. A gear comprises a number of rotatable elements and a traction transmitting element, such as for example a belt, running around the rotatable elements for the purpose of shifting up the displacement of the fork element. The energy-absorbing element consists of the tensile load-transmitting element itself, which is attached to the plate at two points.
    According to one embodiment, the symmetrically arranged fork rods 11 are arranged to be displaced a distance s as a result of the rotation A6 of the sun ridge 3.
    The tensile load transferring element 14 is here attached to the plate 10 at two points D and E. By this arrangement the load F2 will be distributed substantially symmetrically over the two fork rods 11 so that the force in each rod is substantially F2 / 2. The force in the tensile load transmitting element 14 then becomes essentially F2 / 4, which tensile load transmitting element 14 will then be stretched, whereby elongation energy, which may have both an elastic and plastic component, is absorbed by the tensile load transmitting element 14.
    Elongation energy will be absorbed in the tensile load transmitting element at a maximum distance of 4s, depending on the modulus of elasticity and dimensions of the element as well as the yield strength, os.
    Example 2 relates to a tensile load transferring element combined with a solid extensible material as energy absorbing elements and is illustrated in Figure 8.
    Figure 8 shows an energy transfer device 4 according to an embodiment described above in Example 1 but with the difference that the energy absorbing element consists of both the tensile load transferring element itself and a solid extensible material connected to the traction transfer element at one end and fixed to the plate in the the other end.
    According to one embodiment, the symmetrically arranged fork rods 11 are arranged to be displaced a distance s as a result of the rotation A6 of the chair back.
    The tensile load-transmitting element 14 is fixed in the plate partly in point D and partly in a solid extensible material 15 in point E. The solid extensible material 15 is, in turn, attached to the plate 4 in point F.
    In analogy to the previous example, the load F2 will be distributed symmetrically on the two fork rods so that the force in each rod is substantially F2 / 2. The force acting on the tensile load transferring element 14 and the solid extensible material 15 will then be substantially P2 / 4. the tensile transfer element 14 and the solid extensible material 15 will then be stretched under the influence of the tensile force F2 / 4. It follows that elongation energy is absorbed in said element 14 and the solid extensible material element 15, respectively, during a displacement of a maximum of 4s, depending on the elastic models, dimensions and tensile grasses of the element 14 and the solid extensible material element 15, respectively.
    Example 3 relates to a tensile load transmitting element combined with a spring element as energy absorbing element and is illustrated in Figure 9. Figure 9 shows an energy transmitting device according to an embodiment similar to those described above in Examples 1 and 2 but with the difference that it the energy absorbing element consists of the traction transmitting element itself and a spring, where the spring is connected to the traction transmitting element at one end and to the plate at the other.
    According to one embodiment, the symmetrically arranged fork rods 11 are arranged to be displaced a distance s as a result of the rotation of the seat back. The tensile load transmitting element 14 is fixed in the plate partly at point D and partly in a spring element 16 at point E. The spring element 16 is in turn fastened to the plate 10 at point F. Through the arrangement the force F2 will be distributed substantially symmetrically on the two the fork rod 11 so that the force in each rod becomes substantially F2 / 2. The force acting in the element 14 and the spring element 16 then becomes substantially F 2/4.
    The tensile transmitting element 14 and the spring 16 will then be extended, whereby mechanical energy is absorbed in the tensile transmitting element 14 and the spring 16, respectively, at a maximum distance of 4s, depending on the modulus of elasticity of the belt, and dimensions, yield strength, os, and spring stiffness.
    It is easily understood how the spring element 16 in the embodiment described above in Example 3 (ie Figure 9) can be replaced by a hydraulic damper (not shown) or a gas spring (not shown) for energy absorption. It also follows that the above energy absorbing elements can be combined in fl your different ways to achieve an advantageous characteristic of the energy absorption in order to reduce accelerations and forces on the head and neck.
    Example 6 relates to a traction load transmitting element combined with a flywheel as energy absorbing element. Figure 6 shows an energy transfer device in an embodiment consisting of two joined plates where one plate is adapted to be rotatably fixed in the seat. A fork-shaped element is slidably arranged in the plane of the plate. The energy transmitting device comprises a gear comprising a number of rotatable elements and a traction transmitting element, such as a belt, running around the discs for the purpose of shifting up the displacement of the fork element. The energy absorbing element, in the form of a flywheel 23 (not visible in Figure 6 but indicated in Figure 5) is placed in the space between the plates. The traction transmitting element is in this case coupled to a disc whose axis of rotation is coupled to a freewheel and a flywheel.
    According to one embodiment, the symmetrically arranged fork rods 11 are arranged to be displaced a distance s as a result of the rotation of the seat back.
    The element 14 is fixed in the plate partly at point D, partly to a disc 19 rotatably arranged in the plate at point G. The shaft G is in turn coupled to a free 20, see Figure 4. Through the arrangement the force F2 will be distributed substantially symmetrically on the two fork rods 11 so that the force in each rod becomes substantially F2 / 2. The force acting on the element 14 then becomes substantially F2 / 4.
    According to this embodiment, the energy transfer device 4 is supplemented with a further plate, a bottom plate 21, which is attached to the plate 10 through a number of spacers 22 so that an intermediate run is formed between the two plates. In the space between the two plates a freewheel 20 is arranged coupled to a flywheel 23. The shaft G is thus rotatably connected to the flywheel 23. The force in the element 14 will thus create a rotating moment acting on the flywheel 23 during the maximum distance 4s.
    The flywheel will thus be accelerated and absorb kinetic energy.
    The disc can have a rotationally asymmetrical design to obtain a favorable energy transfer from a biomechanical point of view.
    Some principled practical aspects of the invention, which are not further elucidated in this description, are that the energy transfer device 4 may need to be disengaged from the seat back when the chair is adjusted for comfort reasons. A locking mechanism can therefore be arranged in the coupling between the jumper 7 and the fork 8.
    This locking mechanism is thus arranged to disengage the seat back from the energy transfer device when the chair is adjusted for comfort reasons.
    The permissible rotational movement A6 can, as mentioned above, be further limited so that, for example, passengers in the rear seat do not risk being injured. One way of achieving this is to adjust the length of the grooves 9 in the plate 10 and possibly arrange a shock-absorbing function in the end position.
    The allowable rotation could be allowed to be greater in case there are no passengers in the rear seat, which could be ensured with sensors.
    In this case, one could imagine e.g. that the grooves 9 are arranged with some type of mechanical lock that stops the movement at different angular angles depending on whether there are passengers in the rear seat or not.
    The chair may comprise a locking mechanism which releases the seat back for rotation under a given condition, e.g. that the force in any structural part exceeds a certain value. For that reason, the chair may comprise some type of actuator which, at a given signal from a sensor, disengages the chair back 3 for rotation, whereby the energy transfer function 4 is activated.
    The invention has as a starting point taken a car seat and focused primarily on rear-end collision. It is easily understood, however, that the present invention can also be used in frontal collisions where e.g. an expanding airbag pushes the driver against the back of the seat.
    The present invention is also applicable to other types of chairs for the purpose of transferring kinetic energy from the chair occupant. An obvious example of this is child seats intended for mounting in cars.
    The invention has been mainly described above with reference to particular examples. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, examples other than those described above are possible within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    1. 18
    [2]
    2. PATENT REQUIREMENTS
    [3]
    Mechanical energy-absorbing chair (1) comprising a seat (2) and a
    [4]
    Smlsfyšš (3), characterized in further comprising an energy transfer device (4) arranged in the chair comprising an energy absorbing element (5), the chair back being rotatably connected partly to the seat around a first axis (A) parallel to the transverse direction of the chair, and partly with the energy transmitting device around a second axis (B) parallel to the transverse direction of the chair, the energy transmitting device being rotatably fixable about a third axis (C) parallel to the transverse direction of the chair, such that a rotational movement of the chair back can be transformed into a rectilinear movement in said energy transfer device, and wherein the rotational movement and the force in the direction of the rotational movement define the energy which in said rotational movement is transferred from a chair occupant placed in said chair in use to said energy absorbing element 5.
    [5]
    5.. The energy-absorbing chair according to claim 1, wherein the energy-transmitting device is fixed to the seat, rotatable about the third axis (C).
    [6]
    An energy absorbing seat according to claim 1, wherein the energy transfer device is fixable to a vehicle, rotatable about the third axis
    [7]
    7. (C).
    [8]
    An energy-absorbing chair according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the energy-transmitting device (4) comprises an upshift mechanism for upshifting the distance of said rectilinear movement.
    [9]
    An energy absorbing chair according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the chair is arranged such that an angle (ot) between a line between said first 10 15
    [10]
    10.
    [11]
    11.
    [12]
    19. axis (A) and said second axis (B) and a line between said second axis (B) and said third axis (C), seen in a plane whose normal is parallel to the transverse direction of the chair, increases when the chair back (3) rotates as a result of the chair occupier's upper body being pressed against the back of the chair (3) during use when the back of the chair (3) is turned towards the seat (2), when the chair is subjected to a force from behind, such as in a rear-end collision. Energy absorbing chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the chair is arranged such that kinetic energy from the chair occupant is transferred during use during said rectilinear movement to the energy absorbing element (5) by means of a traction transmitting element (14). Energy absorbing chair according to claim 6, wherein said energy absorbing element and said traction transmitting element are one and the same element. An energy-absorbing chair according to claim 6, wherein the traction transmitting element is a belt, belt, toothed belt, V-belt, rope, rope, wire or chain. . Energy absorbing chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said energy transfer device 4 comprises a plate (10). Energy-absorbing chair according to claim 79, wherein a number of rotatable elements (13) are arranged on said plate 10, oriented so that their axes of rotation are parallel to the normal direction of the plate (10). Energy-absorbing chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said energy-transmitting device 4 comprises an element (6) slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the energy-transmitting device, seen in a view along the chair. Energy-absorbing chair according to claim 11, wherein said slidably arranged element (6) is fork-shaped (8). 10 15 20 25
    [13]
    13.
    [14]
    14.
    [15]
    15.
    [16]
    16.
    [17]
    17.
    [18]
    18.
    [19]
    19.
    [20]
    An energy-absorbing chair according to claims 9 and 11, wherein at least one rotatable element 12 is arranged on the displaceable element and oriented so that its axis of rotation (s) is orthogonal (a) to the plane of the plate (10). Energy absorbing chair according to claims 9 and 11, wherein said plate (10) comprises grooves and wherein said displaceable elements (6) are arranged to run in said grooves. Energy-absorbing chair according to claims 6, 10 and 13, wherein a tensile load transmitting element (14) is arranged at the plate (10) and arranged to run around said rotatable element (12, 13). Energy-absorbing chair according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the chair comprises a locking mechanism arranged to disengage the chair back (3) for rotation at a given signal from a sensor, whereby the energy-transmitting function is activated. Energy transfer chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the chair comprises a locking mechanism arranged to disengage the chair back from said energy transfer to enable adjustment of comfort inclination of the chair. Energy transfer chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said rotational movement has a limited deflection. Energy absorbing chair according to claim 1, wherein said energy absorbing element (5) comprises at least one of a solid material (15), a flywheel (23), a hydraulic damper, a spring element (16), and a gas spring. Energy absorbing chair according to claim 19, wherein said energy transfer device (4) comprises two plates separated by a number of spacers (22), one plate (21) comprising a rotatable disc (19) whose axis of rotation (G) is coupled to said flywheel (23). ). 10 21
    [21]
    Energy-absorbing chair according to claim 20, wherein the length of the traction transmitting element (14) is arranged so that it releases from the rotatable disc (19) when the displaceable element (8) has been displaced to a maximum.
    [22]
    An energy-absorbing chair according to claim 20 or 21, wherein said shaft (G) is coupled to a freewheel (20) which in turn is coupled to the flywheel (23).
    [23]
    An energy absorbing chair according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy absorbing device is arranged and oriented to allow the distance between the first axis (A) and the second axis (B) to be as large as possible.
    [24]
    An energy-absorbing chair according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of sliding bodies are arranged on said teat 10 so that their sliding surfaces are parallel to the normal direction of the plate (10).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2872360A2|2015-05-20|
    SE536954C2|2014-11-11|
    WO2014011109A2|2014-01-16|
    WO2014011109A3|2014-05-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2015107134A3|2014-01-16|2016-04-07|Safeseat Ip Ab|Energy absorber|FR2156938A5|1971-10-11|1973-06-01|Peugeot & Renault|
    JP2000280805A|1999-01-29|2000-10-10|Genya Miyagishima|Impact absorbing seat for vehicle|US20200096076A1|2015-07-10|2020-03-26|SafeSeat lP AB|Energy absorber|
    CN110758431B|2017-11-06|2021-02-12|北京交通大学|Safety seat with forward-leaning backrest buffering energy-absorbing hydraulic cylinder|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1250813A|SE536954C2|2012-07-11|2012-07-11|Energy absorbing chair|SE1250813A| SE536954C2|2012-07-11|2012-07-11|Energy absorbing chair|
    PCT/SE2013/050882| WO2014011109A2|2012-07-11|2013-07-09|Energy absorbing chair|
    EP20130750748| EP2872360A2|2012-07-11|2013-07-09|Energy absorbing chair|
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